Social Impact of Globalisation in the Lives of Rural People in West Bengal: A Case Study

Dhananjay Sarkar

ABSTRACT

Globalization has put an indelible mark on the lives of villagers of West Bengal.  Two-thirds of the population of West Bengal lives in rural areas, and most of this population depends on agricultural activities. The impact of globalization is a double-edged sword.  It has significantly impacted on the lives of rural people, bringing both positive and negative effects. It has positive effects like increased market access, potential income growth, technological advancements, expansion of agro-industries, and social upliftment; at the same time, it has negative effects such as increased competition, exploitation of labor, rural-urban migration, cultural erosion, increased inequality, and environmental degradation. Globalization opens up new markets for rural producers like farmers and artisans, allowing them to sell their goods globally and potentially increase income.  Investments in infrastructure like roads, Education, and irrigation systems can be facilitated by globalization, improving connectivity, and rural development. Access to new technologies and knowledge can enrich farmers' agricultural practices by improving productivity. Increased awareness and investment can lead to improved opportunities for education and healthcare facilities in rural regions.  Rural people’s migration to urban areas for work can generate remittances sent back to their families, contributing to rural economies. Rural producers often face intense competition from larger, more established global players, potentially leading to price instability and market displacement.  Globalization can lead to labor exploitation in certain rural areas where workers might be vulnerable to low wages and poor working conditions.  As opportunities in rural areas become limited, large-scale migration to urban centers can lead to depopulation and social disruption in rural communities.  Increased agricultural production to meet global demand can sometimes lead to unsustainable land use practices and environmental damage. Not all rural communities have equal access to the benefits of globalization, often leaving marginalized groups behind.  Governments need to implement policies that support rural development and ensure equitable access to the benefits of globalization.  More investment in education and skill based training can equip rural populations with the skills needed for participation in the global economy. Promoting sustainable agricultural practices is crucial to mitigate environmental impact. All these cause certain changes in social phenomena.

Keywords: Globalization, positive and negative effects, inequality, lives of rural people, benefits, agriculture, competition, sustainable development, Changes in social phenomenon.

Cite the article: Sarkar, D. (2025). Social impact of globalisation in the lives of rural people in West Bengal: A case study. International Journal of Law, Education, Social and Sports Studies (IJLESS), 12(1), 35–40.

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